What is the primary factor that contributes to meat spoilage?

The primary factor that contributes to meat spoilage is bacteria. Bacteria thrive in conditions where they can access moisture, nutrients, and appropriate temperatures, which are often present in meat. Once bacteria begin to grow, they can produce toxins and break down the meat, leading to spoilage. This process can also generate unpleasant odors and flavors, indicating that the meat is no longer safe to consume.

While humidity, oxygen, and heat can influence the rate at which bacterial growth occurs, they are not the root cause of spoilage. Humidity can create an environment conducive to bacterial growth, but it is the bacteria themselves that ultimately lead to the degradation of meat. Oxygen is necessary for the growth of some spoilage bacteria, and heat can accelerate their growth rates, but without the presence of bacteria, meat would remain fresh for longer periods. Therefore, the presence and activity of bacteria fundamentally underpin the spoilage process in meat.